Itineraries

AL

Albania

A comprehensive, customizable circuit of historic towns, Albanian Alps villages, archaeological ruins, inland mountain landscapes, the Riviera and Lake Ohrid shores.

Open this chapter → DZ

Algeria

An expansive heritage-and-landscape itinerary linking Mediterranean medinas and Roman cities with oasis architecture, mountain communities and guided Sahara extensions.

Open this chapter → AS

American Samoa

A flexible, conservation-led exploration of Tutuila, Aunuʻu and the Manuʻa islands, incorporating Samoan village customs and protected rainforests and reefs.

Open this chapter → AD

Andorra

A year-round complete principality tour covering the seven parishes, Romanesque churches, high Pyrenean valleys, skiing, walking, spa experiences and cycling.

Open this chapter → AO

Angola

An ambitious Angola circuit from Luanda and Kalandula Falls through wildlife reserves, colonial coastal towns, the dramatic Huíla highlands and the Namibe desert.

Open this chapter → AI

Anguilla

A leisurely island-wide itinerary of distinct beaches, coastal boat excursions, seafood, salt-pond birding, art galleries and village heritage.

Open this chapter → AQ

Antarctica

All Antarctic excursions are operator- and conditions-dependent. Site visits must comply with Antarctic Treaty and IAATO rules; no exact landing is guaranteed. A comprehensive expedition option catalogue across the South Shetlands and Antarctic Peninsula, including scenic cruising, possible landings and marine wildlife observation; nothing here guarantees specific landings.

Open this chapter → AG

Antigua and Barbuda

A complete twin-island journey of historic harbours, forts, beaches, sailing, rainforest viewpoints and Barbuda’s protected birdlife.

Open this chapter → AR

Argentina

An exceptionally extensive Argentina master journey, from Buenos Aires and Iguazú to the northwest, Andean vineyards, Lake District, Atlantic wildlife and far-southern Patagonia. Treat distant regions as individually selectable modules with domestic flights rather than a single continuous drive.

Open this chapter → AM

Armenia

Some Armenia–Azerbaijan border zones and an identified northern road are subject to advice against travel; exclude these from ordinary routings. An extended Armenian cultural and nature circuit across Yerevan, Ararat plain, Lake Sevan, Tavush forests, Lori monasteries, Gyumri and safe southern routes. Do not assume Armenia–Azerbaijan land-border crossings or access to restricted border roads.

Open this chapter → AW

Aruba

A thorough small-island journey spanning Oranjestad heritage, northwest resort beaches, Arikok National Park, San Nicolas murals and the quieter southern shores. Short distances allow many stops to be combined.

Open this chapter → AU

Australia

An extensive continent-scale exploration in independent regional chapters: Sydney and the NSW coast, Melbourne and Victoria, Queensland reef and tropics, Red Centre, tropical Top End, Western Australia, South Australia, Tasmania and Canberra. Major interregional connections are normally flights.

Open this chapter → AT

Austria

A broad Austria grand circuit through Vienna, the Danube, Salzburg, lake towns, Tyrolean Alps, Vorarlberg, Styria, Carinthia and Burgenland, with rail-first links and seasonal mountain extensions.

Open this chapter → AZ

Azerbaijan

Border with Armenia is closed. Official warnings apply to within 5 km of the border and conflict-affected southwestern districts; those areas are excluded. A comprehensive but safety-conscious master catalogue covering Baku and Absheron, Gobustan, the Silk Road town of Sheki, Gabala, Quba, Lahij and southern coastal culture. Conflict-affected southwestern districts and closed Armenia-border routes are excluded.

Open this chapter → BS

Bahamas

A multi-island master journey covering Nassau, the Exumas, Eleuthera, Harbour Island, Abaco, Grand Bahama, Andros, Bimini and quieter outer-island choices. The islands are independent modules connected by flight, ferry or licensed boats.

Open this chapter → BH

Bahrain

A comprehensive Bahrain circuit through Manama, Muharraq’s pearling heritage, archaeological sites, the north coast, desert landmarks and southern island leisure, with driving and boat excursions where available.

Open this chapter → BB

Barbados

An in-depth island master itinerary covering UNESCO Bridgetown, southern food villages, west-coast beaches, east-coast surf landscapes, northern caves, plantation heritage and protected coastal ecosystems.

Open this chapter → BE

Belgium

An extensive circuit through Flemish art cities, Brussels, Wallonia’s Meuse valleys, the Ardennes and historic battlefields. Most city-to-city sections can use rail, while rural valleys and forests benefit from carefully planned road transfers.

Open this chapter → BZ

Belize

An extended modular route combining the Barrier Reef, northern lagoons, Cayo archaeology and caves, Garifuna coastal settlements and the Toledo rainforest. Marine activities require certified operators and safe weather; cave access and archaeology may require licensed guides.

Open this chapter → BJ

Benin

Northern Benin, Pendjari and W National Parks and warned border departments are excluded due to official security warnings. An extended heritage-focused southern and central Benin journey exploring Cotonou, Ganvié, Ouidah, coastal fishing towns, Abomey and Porto-Novo. The northern border national parks and warned Atacora/Alibori travel areas are explicitly excluded from selectable routes.

Open this chapter → BM

Bermuda

A broad island-wide heritage and ocean itinerary from St George’s and the east end through Hamilton, South Shore beaches, western railway trails and the Royal Naval Dockyard. Marine, cave and seasonal wildlife activities depend on conditions.

Open this chapter → BT

Bhutan

A comprehensive modular Bhutan journey, from Paro and Thimphu through Punakha, Gangtey, Bumthang and eastern valleys. The plan assumes approved travel logistics, Bhutan’s tourism rules, altitude acclimatization and applicable Sustainable Development Fee arrangements.

Open this chapter → BO

Bolivia

Wide-ranging Bolivia master route combining La Paz, Titicaca, colonial cities, Salar de Uyuni, southwestern lagoons, the Yungas, Amazonia, Jesuit missions and remote national parks. High altitude, long unpaved transfers and variable seasonal access require region-specific planning.

Open this chapter → BA

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Historical mine and unexploded-ordnance hazards remain in remote terrain; use known marked paths and qualified local guides. A comprehensive route connecting Sarajevo, the Bosnian highlands, medieval towns, Una river country, Herzegovina’s famous stone-bridge settlements and southern karst landscapes. Hiking routes must remain on established marked paths due to historical landmine risk.

Open this chapter → BW

Botswana

An extensive Botswana safari and culture circuit spanning Gaborone, the Tuli Block, Chobe, Moremi, Okavango, Makgadikgadi, the Kalahari and Tsodilo Hills. These are modular specialist-guided wilderness regions, not an uninterrupted short self-drive route.

Open this chapter → BR

Brazil

A long, modular exploration from Atlantic cities and historic colonial towns to waterfalls, southern highlands, Pantanal wetlands, Amazon waterways and the northeastern coast. Major journeys use internal flights; remote wildlife and marine activities require qualified local operators and environmental permissions.

Open this chapter → VG

British Virgin Islands

A modular sailing and island-hopping journey across Tortola, Virgin Gorda, Anegada, Jost Van Dyke and smaller outer islands. Transfers depend on ferry timetables, sea state, marine park regulations and private charter availability.

Open this chapter → BN

Brunei

A comprehensive but manageable cultural and nature journey spanning Bandar Seri Begawan, the Brunei River, Temburong rainforest, Tutong beaches and Belait’s petroleum heritage. Local mosque dress rules and licensed nature-access permissions apply.

Open this chapter → BG

Bulgaria

An extended circuit through Sofia, Rila, Pirin, the Rhodopes, the Valley of Roses, Thracian history, medieval capitals, Black Sea heritage and Danube wetlands. Mountain weather and archaeological-site access require separate verification.

Open this chapter → BI

Burundi

Do not route into the western border communes, Kibira National Park or other areas covered by current warnings; every proposed stop requires renewed security review. A modular cultural and lake-focused route through Bujumbura, Gitega, the central plateau and eastern protected areas. Western border communes and Kibira access are deliberately excluded because of current security warnings; road, fuel and permit conditions require checking.

Open this chapter → CV

Cabo Verde

An island-by-island Atlantic journey combining Cape Verdean music, volcanic scenery, ocean sports, Creole communities and mountain hiking. Connections rely on variable domestic flights and ferries; treat each island as a separate module.

Open this chapter → KH

Cambodia

A modular country journey through Angkor, Tonlé Sap, Phnom Penh, Mekong river towns, Battambang, eastern conservation landscapes and southern islands. It deliberately avoids the Thailand border exclusion zone and suspended land crossings; marine and temple access require local checks.

Open this chapter → CM

Cameroon

A conditional cultural and nature itinerary focused on Yaoundé, Douala, southern Atlantic coast and selected West-region highlands. Excludes the Far North, North-West, South-West and warned border areas; operator suitability, security and road access must be reviewed before any quotation.

Open this chapter → CA

Canada

A cross-country master catalogue spanning every province and territory, historic cities, Indigenous-led cultural experiences, national parks, maritime coasts and northern wilderness. The regional modules are independent; domestic flights and season-specific connections are needed between distant regions.

Open this chapter → KY

Cayman Islands

A comprehensive three-island catalogue spanning Grand Cayman, Cayman Brac and Little Cayman, with reef experiences, living maritime heritage, limestone bluffs and protected wetland habitats. Diving, wildlife encounters and boat tours are subject to local marine rules.

Open this chapter → CL

Chile

Chile from the arid northern altiplano and Atacama astronomy to historic central cities, volcanic lake districts, remote Patagonian parks and Rapa Nui. These modules are intentionally independent, with long distances, domestic flights, strict protected-area rules and seasonal weather constraints.

Open this chapter → CN

China

A comprehensive regional catalogue spanning the imperial north, Silk Road oases, river cities, Buddhist heritage, southwest highlands, dramatic limestone mountains and coastal trade cities. Use high-speed rail or domestic flights between distant chapters; certain regions require permits and specialist operators.

Open this chapter → CX

Christmas Island

Remote Indian Ocean ecotourism centred on the red crab migration, rare seabirds, tropical forest walks and coastal diving. Bird nests, crab routes, turtle nesting areas and reef habitats are protected; published access can change rapidly.

Open this chapter → CC

Cocos (Keeling) Islands

A small Indian Ocean atoll journey covering West Island, Home Island, Direction Island and authorised outer-island trips. The primary themes are Cocos Malay living culture, shallow reefs, long beaches and Second World War history.

Open this chapter → CO

Colombia

A modular master journey covering Caribbean colonial cities, Andean arts and coffee villages, wetlands, islands and the Amazon. Not every region is equally accessible or safe: consult current regional advisories and exclude warned land corridors, high-risk border crossings and isolated routes.

Open this chapter → KM

Comoros

An inter-island master journey through Ngazidja (Grande Comore), Mwali (Mohéli) and Ndzuani (Anjouan), combining volcanic landscapes, living Swahili-Arab heritage, village culture and marine conservation. Transfers are weather-sensitive and should be confirmed independently.

Open this chapter → CK

Cook Islands

An island-hopping journey linking Rarotonga, Aitutaki and smaller southern islands. Northern atolls remain specialist expeditions; flights, reef access and boat departures must be confirmed.

Open this chapter → CR

Costa Rica

A comprehensive modular journey through Costa Rica’s seven tourism regions, spanning Pacific and Caribbean coasts, volcanoes, cloud forest, wildlife refuges and Indigenous or rural community experiences. National park entry, wildlife and weather vary by season.

Open this chapter → HR

Croatia

A multi-region Croatian journey spanning Zagreb, Slavonia, Istria, Kvarner, national parks, Dalmatian cities and islands. Ferry connections and island stays are modular; official park access and sea conditions must be checked.

Open this chapter → CW

Curaçao

A Caribbean island itinerary combining the UNESCO-listed Willemstad quarters, western bays, national parks, marine conservation and local heritage. Dive access and coastal excursions depend on weather and licensed operators.

Open this chapter → CY

Cyprus

A comprehensive island itinerary through ancient coastal cities, Troodos mountain villages, archaeology, beaches and rural food traditions. The Republic of Cyprus and the north have different administrative and entry considerations; the northern extension requires separate compliance checks.

Open this chapter → CZ

Czechia

A regional grand journey through Prague, historic Bohemian towns, fortified castles, thermal spas, the sandstone north and Moravian wine country. Each region is independently selectable; the combined route is an extended catalogue rather than a compulsory continuous holiday.

Open this chapter → DK

Denmark

A long-form circuit across Zealand, Funen, Jutland, Bornholm and island communities, with architecture, Viking heritage, coastal cycling, family attractions and food culture. Ferry legs and seasonal attractions are separate modules.

Open this chapter → DJ

Djibouti

No Djibouti–Eritrea border activities; verify military checkpoints, permits, visas and Red Sea marine conditions before quoting. A specialist coastal and geological journey centred on Djibouti City, Gulf of Tadjoura, Lake Assal and Lake Abbé. Remote drives, water activities, immigration and weather require professional operator planning; no Eritrean border itinerary is offered.

Open this chapter → DM

Dominica

A comprehensive nature-island exploration of Roseau, the Morne Trois Pitons highlands, Kalinago culture and the northern rainforest, with activities chosen according to trail conditions, rainfall and local community consent.

Open this chapter → DO

Dominican Republic

An extensive island itinerary across colonial Santo Domingo, eastern resort coasts, north-coast adventure towns, green central mountains, Samaná and the southwest. Each chapter can be commissioned separately; marine and wildlife activities depend on season.

Open this chapter → EC

Ecuador

Exclude mainland coastal provinces currently under FCDO all-but-essential-travel advice and the affected Colombia border buffer; Galápagos transfer via Guayaquil only as appropriate airside transit with confirmed connections. An extensive regional route through Quito, the northern and southern Andes, Cotopaxi, Amazon rainforest lodges and the Galápagos Islands. Coastal provinces and northern border buffers under current official travel advisories are intentionally outside customer routes.

Open this chapter → EG

Egypt

No North Sinai, restricted borderland or unapproved Western Desert overland routes. Desert permits, licensed guides, museum opening and cruise operations require confirmation. A modular grand itinerary through the Nile civilisation, Delta, Mediterranean, Alexandria, Nile cruises, Nubia, Red Sea and permitted oases. Northern Sinai, restricted borders and closed desert corridors are excluded; western desert modules require authorised guides and permits.

Open this chapter → SV

El Salvador

A varied master journey linking San Salvador, volcano parks, Ruta de las Flores, Maya archaeology, Suchitoto, eastern mangroves and the Pacific surf coast. Sea state, trail opening and local security should be checked before every quotation.

Open this chapter → GQ

Equatorial Guinea

Licences, entry authorisation, park permits and photography restrictions must be confirmed individually. No supplier availability is implied. A specialist permit-aware itinerary spanning Bioko, the Río Muni mainland and Annobón. Entry clearances, filming restrictions, national-park access, inter-island transport and conservation rules must be individually verified; no activities are represented as guaranteed departures.

Open this chapter → EE

Estonia

An extended country journey linking medieval Tallinn, Baltic islands, Hanseatic towns, bog landscapes, Peipsi communities and southeastern culture. Island ferries, bog walks and seasonal events require planning.

Open this chapter → SZ

Eswatini

A compact but varied cultural and nature itinerary through Ezulwini, traditional craft communities, lowveld game reserves and western highlands. Wildlife encounters require accredited reserve guides.

Open this chapter → FK

Falkland Islands

Wildlife-led island circuit with Stanley heritage, East and West Falkland scenery, and smaller-island penguin colonies. Flight and boat capacity, landowner access, weather and conservation rules shape the route.

Open this chapter → FO

Faroe Islands

An extensive Atlantic-island journey linking villages, island tunnels, ferry routes and dramatic scenery. Some hiking land requires paid access or local guides; weather changes rapidly.

Open this chapter → FM

Federated States of Micronesia

Four separate island-state itineraries rather than a single continuous island tour. Connections are flight- and vessel-dependent, diving requires certification and protected cultural places require traditional owner permission.

Open this chapter → FJ

Fiji

A broad island-hopping collection covering Viti Levu, the Mamanucas and Yasawas, Vanua Levu, Taveuni, Kadavu and the outer islands. Boat, seaplane and domestic air services vary with weather; cultural villages require invitation.

Open this chapter → FI

Finland

An extended grand journey through Helsinki, coastal archipelagos, Lakeland, Baltic towns and Arctic Lapland. Winter and summer itineraries are different; northern lights and wildlife sightings are never guaranteed.

Open this chapter → FR

France

A comprehensive metropolitan France grand catalogue from Paris to Normandy, Brittany, the Loire, Champagne, Burgundy, Alsace, the Atlantic, the Pyrenees, Provence, the Riviera, the Alps and Corsica. Regions are stand-alone touring modules; French overseas territories have their own Travelaux entries.

Open this chapter → GF

French Guiana

An Amazonian French territory itinerary spanning Creole Cayenne, Kourou space heritage, protected wetlands, Maroni river towns and permit-dependent interior rainforest. River and air journeys require licensed local logistical support.

Open this chapter → PF

French Polynesia

A five-archipelago island collection spanning the Society, Tuamotu, Marquesas, Austral and Gambier Islands. Islands often require separate flights; reefs, cultural sites, whale encounters and lagoon activities require conservation-minded local operators.

Open this chapter → GA

Gabon

An extensive Gabon journey balancing Libreville, Atlantic beaches, rainforest parks and inland cultural towns. Wildlife sightings are never guaranteed; remote protected areas require specialist licensed operators, permits and reliable air or road logistics.

Open this chapter → GM

Gambia

A Gambia River exploration from Atlantic beach towns and Banjul to the Niumi coast, historic Kunta Kinteh sites, upriver villages, Wassu stones and bird-rich national parks. Inland roads, crossings, riverboat safety and seasonal flooding must be confirmed.

Open this chapter → GE

Georgia

Do not route to Abkhazia or South Ossetia or to immediate administrative boundary areas; verify official warnings and road conditions. An extensive Caucasus master journey linking Tbilisi and Mtskheta, Kakheti vineyards, Greater Caucasus trails, Imereti, western Black Sea, Samtskhe-Javakheti and highland Svaneti. Excludes Abkhazia, South Ossetia and areas next to their administrative boundary lines. Mountain roads are highly seasonal.

Open this chapter → DE

Germany

A comprehensive Germany activity catalogue spanning all sixteen federal states, major cities, UNESCO sites, wine regions, Alpine landscapes, coasts and countryside. Regional modules are independent; reserve rail passes, museums, festivals and national-park access as appropriate.

Open this chapter → GH

Ghana

A substantial Ghana itinerary from Accra, Cape Coast and Elmina through Ashanti history, Volta mountains, northern savannas and western beaches. Wildlife parks and northern-border districts require guide and current security checks; museum openings and historic access need confirmation.

Open this chapter → GI

Gibraltar

Compact but detailed territory-wide itinerary covering Moorish and British military history, Upper Rock nature, tunnels, caves and sheltered boat excursions. Tickets, reserve access, wildlife encounters and seasonal service must be confirmed.

Open this chapter → GR

Greece

An extended modular itinerary across classical Athens, mainland mountain and archaeological routes, the Peloponnese, Crete and the main Ionian and Aegean island groups. Regional chapters are independent; ferries, archaeological opening schedules, fire closures and weather determine actual routing.

Open this chapter → GL

Greenland

A wide-ranging Greenland catalogue covering Nuuk, Disko Bay, Ilulissat, the Arctic Circle, western coastal towns, South and East Greenland and the far north. Chapters are independent expedition-style journeys, never a connected road trip: flights, sea ice, vessel schedules, weather and specialist guides govern access.

Open this chapter → GD

Grenada

The Spice Isle’s comprehensive master route spans St George’s, southwestern bays, central rainforest, cocoa and nutmeg villages, northern coast and separate Carriacou and Petite Martinique island chapters. Storm repairs, ferry schedules and park or marine access require confirmation.

Open this chapter → GP

Guadeloupe

Island-by-island master journey from the butterfly-shaped mainland to Les Saintes, Marie-Galante and La Désirade. Volcano access, marine-park excursions and inter-island ferries depend on weather and local rules.

Open this chapter → GU

Guam

Comprehensive Guam village and coastline itinerary incorporating CHamoru heritage, Spanish-period sites, diving, coastal nature and Second World War interpretation. Observe protected marine, culturally important and military land restrictions.

Open this chapter → GT

Guatemala

The seven principal tourism regions encompass colonial cities, living Maya culture, highland lakes, Petén archaeology, volcanic landscapes, Verapaces forests and the Caribbean. Excludes specific warned Mexican-border zones; local guides, registered transport and volcanic access assessments required.

Open this chapter → GG

Guernsey

Extended island-hopping itinerary through St Peter Port, west coast bays, southern cliffs, Herm, Sark and Alderney. Boat connections, tides, bird breeding seasons and island transport vary.

Open this chapter → GN

Guinea

Specialist nature and culture routes through Conakry, the Fouta Djallon plateau, Lower Guinea waterfalls, Upper Guinea towns and the forest region. Long overland transfers, permits, political conditions, malaria risk and local guide capacity require assessment before offering.

Open this chapter → GW

Guinea-Bissau

Island-focused itinerary through Bissau, Bolama, the Bijagós Archipelago, Cacheu and inland cultural landscapes. Guinea-Bissau requires heightened caution; avoid non-essential travel within 20 km of the Senegal border and verify boat safety, permits, political conditions and marine parks.

Open this chapter → GY

Guyana

Major biodiversity and community-tourism catalogue encompassing Georgetown, coastal wetlands, Essequibo, Kaieteur, Iwokrama and Rupununi savannah. Remote operations need specialist small-aircraft, river and 4x4 planning; wildlife viewing not guaranteed.

Open this chapter → VA

Holy See (Vatican City)

Complete Vatican City art, faith and architecture itinerary. Includes only visitor-accessible Vatican attractions; neighbouring Rome and Castel Gandolfo are clearly marked as separate optional external excursions. Museum entry, papal events and garden visits require advance arrangements.

Open this chapter → HN

Honduras

Independent long-form circuits across the Bay Islands, Copán archaeology, Lake Yojoa, colonial hill towns and the Caribbean coast. Use vetted transfers, check regional security and maritime conditions.

Open this chapter → HK

Hong Kong

Extensive neighbourhood-by-neighbourhood heritage, skyline, nature, food and island routes. Ferry, trail and attraction schedules vary; special-access villages require prior permits.

Open this chapter → HU

Hungary

Long-form central European journey linking Budapest, Danube Bend, Lake Balaton, the north and east, heritage cities, wine regions and thermal traditions.

Open this chapter → IS

Iceland

Complete Iceland regional catalogue covering the Ring Road, Westfjords, highlands, islands, glaciers and northern lights. Weather, road closures, volcano alerts, glacier safety and protected-area rules are decisive.

Open this chapter → IN

India

Pan-India master catalogue of heritage, cities, Himalayan foothills, deserts, tribal and craft cultures, wildlife, temple circuits, islands and coast. These are independent journeys, not one continuous trip. Excludes Kashmir and Manipur from normal offers under current government advisories; special permits and ecological rules apply to protected regions.

Open this chapter → ID

Indonesia

Multi-island master travel library for Java, Bali, Nusa Tenggara, Sumatra, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Maluku and authorised Raja Ampat routes. Respect active volcano exclusion zones, marine-park permits, Indigenous community consent and changing Papua security conditions; remote conflict-affected Papua highlands are not ordinary options.

Open this chapter → IE

Ireland

Detailed Republic of Ireland routes through Dublin, Ancient East, Wild Atlantic Way, Hidden Heartlands, islands, archaeological landscapes and living music culture. Northern Ireland is not included here and belongs in the United Kingdom catalogue.

Open this chapter → IM

Isle of Man

Self-contained island heritage itinerary covering railways, castles, glens, coastal villages, wildlife and mountain routes. Road closures during motorsport events and seasonal transport timetables require planning.

Open this chapter → IT

Italy

A comprehensive country-wide collection encompassing all twenty Italian regions, major cities, historic towns, Alpine scenery, coastlines, islands, archaeology, food cultures and independent regional journeys.

Open this chapter → JM

Jamaica

Major resort areas, reggae heritage, mountain coffee culture, historical towns, waterfalls, beaches, ecological tours and community-based experiences.

Open this chapter → JP

Japan

Extensive Japan master catalogue from Hokkaido to Okinawa, including cities, historic castle towns, pilgrimage sites, hot springs, mountain trails, subtropical islands, crafts and regional cuisines.

Open this chapter → JE

Jersey

A compact but comprehensive island itinerary across St Helier, historic castles, the western surfing coastline, northern cliffs, rural parishes and tidal offshore landmarks.

Open this chapter → JO

Jordan

REGIONAL SECURITY REVIEW REQUIRED: avoid Jordan-Syria border warning zone, monitor possible airspace closures and seek live supplier verification before marketing departures. Classical ruins, desert castles, Petra, Wadi Rum, the Dead Sea, the Red Sea coast, northern hill towns, Jordan Trail segments and community nature experiences, subject to changing regional security conditions.

Open this chapter → KZ

Kazakhstan

A broad Central Asian itinerary spanning Almaty, Astana, the eastern Altai, south Silk Road cities, lake and steppe reserves, Caspian Mangystau and remote desert geology.

Open this chapter → KE

Kenya

CONDITIONAL: avoid warned Somalia-border and selected northern/eastern coastal regions; Lamu/Manda only by air under UK advice; confirm all local routes and security before sale. Kenya safari and culture routes across Nairobi, the Great Rift Valley, Maasai Mara, Amboseli, Mount Kenya, western lakes, Indian Ocean coast and permitted northern regions, with wildlife ethics and security checks.

Open this chapter → KI

Kiribati

All routes are logistics- and weather-dependent. Phoenix Islands are NOT normal tourist access; no casual landing or guaranteed transport should be marketed. Remote medical evacuation can be difficult. Remote Pacific atolls and island-group experiences centred on South Tarawa, North Tarawa, Kiritimati, other accessible Gilbert Islands and regulated conservation areas, with significant flight and inter-island logistics constraints.

Open this chapter → XK

Kosovo

Regional political sensitivities: avoid arranging visits to northern Kosovo where local security guidance warns of heightened tension; verify entry documentation and cross-border routing independently. Compact cultural, archaeological and nature itinerary focused on Pristina, Prizren, Peja, Gjakova, western mountains, southeastern townscapes and community cultural experiences.

Open this chapter → KW

Kuwait

Extended urban, coastal, island and desert experience catalogue spanning heritage districts, museums, contemporary architecture, sea life and desert recreation.

Open this chapter → KG

Kyrgyzstan

Remote alpine roads, altitude, seasonal mountain passes and the Tajikistan border near Batken require individual safety checks; the border zone is not marketed as a general-access excursion. An extended Tian Shan and Pamir-Alay route collection covering all seven regions, nomadic culture, high-mountain lakes, caravanserais and village tourism; extreme altitude and seasonal road access require specialist planning.

Open this chapter → LA

Laos

Marked routes are essential in UXO-affected areas; river boating, waterfall swimming, cave entry, trekking and remote transfers require licensed providers and seasonal checks. Comprehensive north-to-south Laos itinerary library including Luang Prabang, the Nam Ou valley, Vientiane, limestone karsts, the Plain of Jars, the Bolaven Plateau and Mekong islands.

Open this chapter → LV

Latvia

Extended Latvian regional journeys covering Riga, Vidzeme, Gauja, Kurzeme, Latgale, Zemgale and Baltic coastal villages, with local food, folk culture and forests.

Open this chapter → LS

Lesotho

Highland passes, hiking, remote homestays, pony trekking and mountain roads are weather-dependent. Visitors need altitude, emergency access and winter road checks. Highland kingdom master journey encompassing Maseru, cultural heritage, pony trekking, cascades, dams, mountain reserves and remote escarpment routes; specialist mountain transport is necessary.

Open this chapter → LR

Liberia

Roads, emergency response, medical access and some protected-area permissions are uncertain. Sapo and remote Nimba activities are conditional research options, not assured saleable excursions. A broad first-pass heritage, surf, coastal and rainforest research itinerary across Monrovia, Robertsport, Buchanan, Nimba and southeastern protected forests; only publish verifiable operator-dependent activities.

Open this chapter → LI

Liechtenstein

A compact but detailed alpine heritage and outdoor catalogue spanning Vaduz, Triesenberg, Balzers, Malbun and northern Rhine villages, with seasonal mountain activities.

Open this chapter → LT

Lithuania

Comprehensive Baltic itinerary collection linking Vilnius, Trakai, Kaunas, Klaipeda, the Curonian Spit, Aukstaitija, Samogitia, Dzukija, Sudovia and lesser-known heritage towns.

Open this chapter → LU

Luxembourg

A comprehensive, modular journey through the capital, Minett iron heritage, castle valleys, the Ardennes, Mullerthal sandstone trails, Moselle villages and central Guttland, using public transport and locally checked walking paths.

Open this chapter → MO

Macao

A detailed heritage-to-islands experience catalogue for Macao Peninsula, Taipa, Cotai and Coloane, focusing on UNESCO monuments, food culture, walks, performances and conservation-minded coastal visits.

Open this chapter → MG

Madagascar

Long inland transfers and some western routes carry serious security and road-access risks; confirm current advisories, local operators, protected-area permissions and cyclones before any quote. An extensive island-wide master catalogue covering Antananarivo, central highlands, rainforest corridors, western baobabs and limestone, northern reserves, Indian Ocean islands and the drier south; long distances, protected-area guides and seasonal closures require specialist planning.

Open this chapter → MW

Malawi

A flexible northern-to-southern Malawi catalogue combining Lake Malawi islands and shores, capital culture, Nyika Plateau, wildlife reserves, Mulanje and Zomba highlands and tea landscapes.

Open this chapter → MY

Malaysia

Seasonal monsoons, mountain permits and eastern Sabah maritime security require current checks. Marine and wildlife encounters are never guaranteed. A broad Peninsular Malaysia and Malaysian Borneo experience catalogue covering all thirteen states and the federal territories, with urban heritage, rainforests, islands, highlands, food and cultural journeys.

Open this chapter → MV

Maldives

Transfer schedules, resort permissions, marine protected-area regulations and local-island modesty requirements differ by atoll; seasonal wildlife sightings are not guaranteed. An atoll-by-atoll master catalogue spanning the capital region, central and northern guesthouse islands, conservation areas, resort islands, Fuvahmulah and Addu; travel is modular because transfers depend on seaplanes, speedboats and domestic flights.

Open this chapter → MT

Malta

A comprehensive Malta, Gozo and Comino catalogue of fortified cities, prehistoric archaeology, Mediterranean coastal experiences, diving, village crafts and cultural festivals.

Open this chapter → MH

Marshall Islands

Remote atolls require advance operator and community approval. Kwajalein base-controlled sites and nuclear-test atolls are not ordinary tourist destinations; no landing should be assumed. A cautious Republic of the Marshall Islands catalogue centred on Majuro and selected outer atolls with realistic domestic air and boat access. Historic nuclear-test zones are not treated as ordinary tourist attractions.

Open this chapter → MQ

Martinique

A comprehensive French-Caribbean island catalogue from Fort-de-France and northern volcanic slopes to the Caravelle peninsula, eastern fishing villages and southern beaches, with rum heritage, Creole cuisine and protected nature.

Open this chapter → MR

Mauritania

WARNING: exclude eastern military zones, Mali-border areas and other regions subject to FCDO restrictions. Desert excursions require an escorted 4WD convoy and current written itinerary security clearance. An escorted, safety-screened study of coastal cities, UNESCO caravan settlements, Atlantic wildlife and desert culture. Desert travel is not a casual self-drive product: a qualified local operator, 4WD logistics, current military-zone maps and appropriate approvals are prerequisites.

Open this chapter → MU

Mauritius

A comprehensive island-and-out-island catalogue covering Port Louis, historic estates, endemic forests, volcanic landscapes, coastal villages, regulated marine activities and Rodrigues. Road access and seas vary with cyclone season.

Open this chapter → YT

Mayotte

A geographically compact but ecologically rich Indian Ocean itinerary: Petite-Terre, Grande-Terre, volcanic lakes, mangroves and one of the region’s major lagoons. Post-cyclone access, health, ferry operations and protected-area regulations must be rechecked.

Open this chapter → MX

Mexico

WARNING: state-specific travel advisories change often. Excludes ordinary promotion of Zacatecas, Guerrero/Acapulco, Colima, Michoacán, Sinaloa, Tijuana, high-risk border corridors and warned Chiapas routes. Use verified daylight transfers and current operator security checks. Extensive independent circuits through metropolitan, archaeological, culinary, mountain, desert, Maya and coastal regions. Routes deliberately omit ordinary promotion of locations under current UK FCDO all-but-essential advice and require state-by-state security checks before quoting.

Open this chapter → MD

Moldova

WARNING: Transnistria is omitted completely; official advice is against all travel there. Review proximity to Ukraine, road conditions and infrastructure disruption before quotations. A wine, monastery, folk-craft and rural-heritage catalogue spanning the Moldovan-controlled territory. All Transnistria/Pridnestrovie excursions are excluded from customer-bookable routes under current travel advice.

Open this chapter → MC

Monaco

A walkable but vertically steep city-state itinerary combining the Palace quarter, harbour, galleries, gardens and motor-racing history. Attraction opening hours change around the Grand Prix and official events.

Open this chapter → MN

Mongolia

NOTE: remote border and high-mountain areas are not automatically bookable; check national park permissions, weather, border rules, medical evacuation and local guiding capacity. An extended country-wide catalogue crossing the capital, central monasteries, Gobi, Orkhon Valley, western Altai, Lake Khövsgöl and remote steppe. Expeditions require local 4WD operators, separate flights where sensible, and seasonal road and border screening.

Open this chapter → ME

Montenegro

A coast-to-mountains master journey through the Bay of Kotor, Adriatic towns, Lovćen, Lake Skadar, Durmitor, Biogradska Gora and eastern highlands. Mountain walks, rafting and border-adjacent routes require local safety screening.

Open this chapter → MS

Montserrat

IMPORTANT: Soufrière Hills exclusion zone and Plymouth access are restricted; no ordinary selectable trips into closed volcanic zones. Monitor official volcano observatory and disaster management announcements. A Caribbean micro-island itinerary combining the safe northern inhabited zone, rainforest trails, music heritage and volcanic interpretation. The southern exclusion zone and former capital Plymouth are not ordinary visitor attractions; access is restricted.

Open this chapter → MA

Morocco

Western Sahara is a disputed territory and not included in the standard Moroccan itinerary. Mountain hiking and desert travel require specialist guides, seasonal access checks and appropriate transport. A comprehensive, region-by-region Moroccan journey through imperial cities, medinas, kasbah valleys, the High Atlas, Sahara-edge dunes and the Atlantic and Mediterranean coasts. Western Sahara is not marketed as an ordinary Morocco stop.

Open this chapter → MZ

Mozambique

DO NOT sell Cabo Delgado, the Nampula districts of Memba/Eráti, or the Niassa districts of Mecula/Marrupa. Check current FCDO advice for specific routes and all northern excursions before use; climate and security conditions can change rapidly. Long-form Mozambique coastline and southern inland itinerary highlighting Maputo architecture, southern beaches, offshore islands, Inhambane, Vilankulo and Gorongosa where safely accessible. All warned Cabo Delgado, Niassa and Nampula districts are excluded from saleable routes.

Open this chapter → NA

Namibia

Remote desert roads, heat and flood-season disruptions require contingency plans; reserve permits and guides for protected areas. Etosha and river safaris do not guarantee sightings. A country-wide self-drive or escorted expedition catalogue with Windhoek, Etosha, the central highlands, Sossusvlei, Skeleton Coast, Damaraland, the Zambezi Region and deep-south desert landscapes. Remote driving requires realistic fuel, heat and communications planning.

Open this chapter → NR

Nauru

Small-island visitor infrastructure is extremely limited. Do not enter active or former mine workings, secure airport installations or sensitive heritage sites without formal authorisation. Ocean surf can be dangerous. A compact research-led island stay exploring Nauru’s coastal communities, WWII heritage and phosphate-mining landscape. Visitor infrastructure and charter/flight availability are limited; industrial land and sensitive sites require explicit permission.

Open this chapter → NP

Nepal

All trekking requires current permit and guide checks; restricted-area permits apply to Upper Mustang and other zones. Altitude illness, weather-grounded flights, road closures and evacuation insurance are major planning factors. Do not promise wildlife sightings. Extensive Nepal cultural, pilgrimage, mountain and wildlife catalogue spanning Kathmandu Valley, central hill towns, Pokhara, Annapurna, Everest, Langtang, eastern tea country, western heritage and lowland national parks. Trekking is specialist-led with permits, altitude management and weather plans.

Open this chapter → NL

Netherlands

Advance admission is essential at major museums. Wadden mudflat walks must be guided and tide-timed. Caribbean territories are separately catalogued and not duplicated in this European Netherlands master journey. A province-spanning Netherlands catalogue linking major museums and historic canal cities with smaller Hanseatic towns, Wadden islands, rural national parks, Zeeland sea defences and Dutch design. The Caribbean constituent countries are catalogued separately.

Open this chapter → NC

New Caledonia

Significant protests and roadblocks occurred in 2024; FCDO notes possible sporadic protests, road disruptions and fuel restrictions. Check road corridors and inter-island transport just before confirmation. Customary permissions apply on many Kanak lands. Melanesian culture, UNESCO lagoons, island beaches, mountain towns and forest reserves across Grande Terre, the Loyalty Islands and the Isle of Pines. 2024 unrest left intermittent transport and protest-disruption risks: reconfirm each road, flight and operator.

Open this chapter → NZ

New Zealand

Weather can close alpine routes and small-island ferries. Māori cultural sites require respect for tikanga. Wildlife trips never guarantee sightings; glaciers, fiords and alpine tracks require current hazard advice. An extended North-and-South-Island master catalogue spanning Māori cultural experiences, geothermal landscapes, beaches, vineyards, alpine parks, glaciers, fiords and offshore islands. Remote roads and adventure activities are seasonally dependent, not guaranteed.

Open this chapter → NI

Nicaragua

Nicaragua has heightened political and legal risks and restrictions on photography, demonstrations and some organisations. Check updated consular advice, permits, border controls and insurance before confirming any client itinerary. A broad itinerary linking Managua, Granada, León, Ometepe, Pacific volcanoes, highland coffee areas, the San Juan River and Caribbean islands. All experiences require local political-security, border and transport checks before marketing or quotation.

Open this chapter → NG

Nigeria

Nigeria carries substantial risks of kidnapping, armed violence and terrorism. Exclude Borno, Yobe, Adamawa, Gombe, Katsina, Zamfara, much of the northeast/northwest, riverine Niger Delta and all districts advised against; also screen Abuja and the southwest immediately before sale. No overnight road transfers. Some listed locations may have no acceptable security arrangement and must remain unbookable until vetted. A selective, security-screened Nigerian cultural catalogue focused on established southwestern cities and metropolitan heritage. Risk conditions vary sharply by state; this is not a nationwide open-access tour.

Open this chapter → NU

Niue

Niue marine entry is weather- and tide-dependent. Whale swimming, fishing and protected marine encounters require properly permitted operators and may not be available. A comprehensive small-island journey of chasms, limestone sea tracks, village encounters and reef experiences. All ocean access is dependent on tides, swell and local conservation rules.

Open this chapter → NF

Norfolk Island

Phillip Island requires suitable licensed transport and difficult landings; do not advertise it as guaranteed. National park paths and coastal swims require local safety checks. A detailed Norfolk Island itinerary combining UNESCO convict heritage, Pitcairn-descendant culture, island food, reef lagoons and scenic forest walks.

Open this chapter → MK

North Macedonia

Lake crossings and island landings require permission, seasonal access and border checks. National park hiking and winter sports must be matched to weather and traveller ability. A geographically organised Balkan journey through Ottoman-era cities, Byzantine monasteries, mountain national parks, archaeological sites, vineyards and traditional villages.

Open this chapter → MP

Northern Mariana Islands

Managaha park access and permits may change. Saipan Grotto diving, offshore boat trips and Tinian restricted military areas demand operator and legal screening; Farallon de Medinilla and other restricted islands are not offered. An island-by-island catalogue focused on Saipan, Tinian and Rota; lesser islands require specific conservation and vessel permissions.

Open this chapter → NO

Norway

Remote Nordic roads, mountain treks, ferries and Arctic activities are weather dependent. Svalbard expedition work requires licensed guides and polar-bear safety procedures; no unguided wilderness activity should be promised. Wildlife sightings and aurora visibility are never guaranteed. A nationwide master itinerary across Eastern Norway, the south coast, fjord country, Trøndelag, Arctic Norway, Lofoten, Nordland and permit-dependent Svalbard. Routes are regional, with ferries, mountains and seasons planned individually.

Open this chapter → OM

Oman

Oman wadis have flash-flood risk, mountains require suitable 4x4 access, turtle watching is regulated, and protected marine areas require permits. Musandam is geographically separate, and cross-border access must be checked; no wildlife sightings are guaranteed. An extensive Oman journey covering Muscat, the Batinah coast, ancient interior forts, Hajar mountain villages, wadis, Sharqiyah Sands, eastern turtle beaches, central coast, Dhofar and Musandam.

Open this chapter → PW

Palau

All snorkelling, scuba, protected lagoon and Rock Islands visits require permits and local regulation checks. Never guarantee Jellyfish Lake access or wildlife encounters. Island-by-island master catalogue featuring Koror, protected Rock Islands, Babeldaob, Peleliu, Angaur and the outer atolls. Marine permits, conservation rules, weather and operator availability are essential.

Open this chapter → PA

Panama

Avoid the warned area near the Colombian border in eastern Darién. Guna Yala and national parks require access permissions; no crossing into remote border territory. Monitor border controls and curfews. Comprehensive modular journey linking Panama City, Caribbean archipelagos, coffee highlands, Pacific islands and established western rainforest routes. Eastern Darién border and other warned areas are not ordinary selectable excursions.

Open this chapter → PG

Papua New Guinea

Do not market Enga, Hela, Southern Highlands, unsafe border districts, Panguna mine area, or tribal-conflict zones as standard tourism. Port Moresby, Lae and Madang present serious crime concerns; all published options are conditional and may be unbookable without a verified security plan. Security-screened cultural, coral reef and nature catalogue. Not an open-access circuit: each regional excursion needs recent security assessment, reputable local partners, insurance and reliable internal transport.

Open this chapter → PY

Paraguay

Selected Chaco trips require confirmed roads, fuel, medical support and local partners. Avoid unverified remote reserves, border routes and any activities without landowner or community approval. Slow-travel master itinerary covering Asunción, Guaraní heritage, historic missions, countryside, Paraná waterfalls and selected Chaco experiences. Distances, seasonal heat and remote access require planning.

Open this chapter → PE

Peru

Exclude the VRAEM and advised-against Putumayo border areas. Rail, Machu Picchu circuits, high-altitude treks and Amazon reserves require advance bookings, acclimatisation and current weather/security checks. An extensive independently selectable circuit of coastal archaeological sites, Andean cities, Sacred Valley, high-altitude lakes, northern civilizations and Amazon rainforest. Regions are modular and high-elevation activities require acclimatisation.

Open this chapter → PH

Philippines

FCDO advises against all travel to western and central Mindanao and Sulu; against all but essential travel to much of the remainder of Mindanao, with named island exceptions. Davao activities are strictly conditional and should not be marketed if advisory or insurance conditions conflict. Avoid unapproved whale-shark feeding and protected-area violations. Extensive island-based master catalogue across northern and southern Luzon, the Visayas and selected Mindanao islands, with marine-protection, weather and regional-security screening. Distant island groups are separate route modules.

Open this chapter → PN

Pitcairn Islands

Confirmed access depends on passenger-supply vessel schedules, immigration clearance and weather-dependent transfer to shore. Visits over 14 days require specific visa arrangements; protected outer-island landings are not routinely offered. Extremely remote, small-scale visitor programme based on confirmed supply-ship berths, immigration clearance, resident-hosted activities and strict marine conservation rules. Not a conventional cruise or on-demand beach holiday.

Open this chapter → PL

Poland

Białowieża and eastern forest/border sites require current border and trail checks. Underground mines, mountain trails and memorial sites have specific access and visitor requirements. Comprehensive regional journey through all 16 Polish voivodeships, with historic towns, medieval castles, Baltic shores, mountain routes, cultural traditions and eastern forest reserves. Activity codes support mixing cities and countryside.

Open this chapter → PT

Portugal

Madeira levadas and Azores crater trails may close rapidly in dangerous weather. Boat landings, mountain hikes, caves and marine sightings need operator checks and appropriate insurance. All nine Azores islands are represented as separate or combined regional chapters. A comprehensive country-wide journey from the northern wine valleys to Lisbon, Alentejo and Algarve, plus Madeira and all nine Azores islands. Each region is independently selectable with fixed activity codes.

Open this chapter → PR

Puerto Rico

Do not guarantee access to Cueva Ventana, Camuy caves or the Ponce art museum without current official confirmation. Bioluminescence varies with nature and lunar conditions. Coastal reefs are protected. An extended Puerto Rico master itinerary spanning the metropolitan area, north coast karst, mountain coffee towns, Ponce and the south, western surf coast, El Yunque and offshore islands. Activities are independently selectable and weather or permit dependent.

Open this chapter → QA

Qatar

Summer outdoor heat can be severe. Desert experiences require experienced guides, insurance and current protected-area access checks. Modular journey covering Doha museums and markets, northern forts, mangroves, west-coast geology, desert landscapes, coastal resorts and cultural experiences. Outdoor activities should be arranged for suitable temperatures.

Open this chapter → RO

Romania

Mountain passes have seasonal closures; brown-bear encounters should never be sought at roadside feeding sites. Danube Delta visits require reserve-compliant operators and permits where applicable. An extensive Romanian heritage and nature journey through Bucharest, the Carpathians, Transylvania, Maramureș, Bucovina, Banat, Moldova, Dobrogea and the Danube Delta; mountain and wildlife activities require responsible local arrangements.

Open this chapter → RU

Russia

Discover Russia through seven independently selectable regional itineraries, from Moscow and Saint Petersburg to the Golden Ring, Kazan, Lake Baikal and the Far East. Routes in Russia’s Ukraine-border areas, Crimea and other occupied Ukrainian territories are excluded. Travel advisory: the UK Foreign Office and US State Department currently advise against all travel to Russia nationwide, including cities away from Ukraine. These are destination-planning ideas only. Travelaux must review client nationality, visas, payment options, insurance, transport, local security and operating permissions before confirming any arrangements.

Open this chapter → RW

Rwanda

Exclude Rusizi District portions within 10 km of the DRC border and avoid DRC border crossing plans. Track regional notices and security status before quoting. Gorillas/chimpanzees: official permits, health requirements, distance limits. Rwanda master itinerary linking Kigali culture, Akagera safaris, central highlands, Lake Kivu and Volcanoes National Park. Border-adjacent regions require individual screening, and gorilla trekking depends on scarce permits and protected-area rules.

Open this chapter → RE

Réunion

National park trail and summit closures are binding. Marine reserves restrict activity, and shark risk means ocean swimming must stay inside designated monitored zones. Volcanic Réunion Island circuits covering its three cirques, active volcanic massif, eastern waterfalls, south-coast lava, west-coast lagoon and Creole villages. Weather, eruptive activity and trail closures can change access quickly.

Open this chapter → BL

Saint Barthélemy

Protected marine zones have binding restrictions. Swimming is unsafe at some exposed beaches; use professional local advice. These are independent choices, not pre-booked luxury services. Compact luxury-island and nature catalogue featuring Gustavia, Saint-Jean, Corossol, Colombier, the saline beaches and regulated marine reserves. Coastal activities are seasonal, operator dependent and subject to marine conservation.

Open this chapter → KN

Saint Kitts and Nevis

Brimstone Hill has steep approaches; Mount Liamuiga and Nevis Peak are strenuous excursions. Railway schedules and ferry connections are not guaranteed and must be confirmed. Comprehensive dual-island journey covering Basseterre, Brimstone Hill, rainforest trails, coastal villages, Charlestown, historic plantations and Nevis beaches. A ferry crossing links the main visitor centres.

Open this chapter → LC

Saint Lucia

Gros Piton requires a guide and substantial fitness; Petit Piton is a specialist technical climb, not a standard activity. Marine reserves and protected wildlife require compliant operators and weather checks. Island-wide flexible journey through Castries, Rodney Bay, Soufrière and the Pitons, south-coast communities and rainforest valleys, with cultural, marine and nature experiences. Wildlife sightings and mountain activities require conditions and operator checks.

Open this chapter → MF

Saint Martin (French Part)

The itinerary covers the French Collectivity of Saint Martin only. Pinel shuttles, protected-water access and private attraction operations require fresh checks; hurricane season can affect all transfers. An island-scale itinerary devoted to the French side of Saint Martin: Marigot markets, Grand Case culinary heritage, northern coves, Orient Bay, coastal walks and licensed marine excursions. Do not confuse these stops with the separate Dutch Sint Maarten territory.

Open this chapter → PM

Saint Pierre and Miquelon

Sea and air service can be weather-disrupted; verify all ferry schedules and local closures. These are French territories rather than independent island states. Extended French North Atlantic archipelago journey covering the maritime capital, Île aux Marins, Miquelon-Langlade, wetlands and permitted coastal hikes. Ferries, sea conditions and seasonal weather strongly determine feasibility.

Open this chapter → VC

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

Confirm post-storm island infrastructure and transport before any quotation. La Soufrière access requires official volcano safety clearance; Tobago Cays operates under marine-park protections. Mustique and Palm Island have private-property restrictions. A multi-island journey from St Vincent rainforest and volcano landscapes through Bequia, Mustique, Canouan, Mayreau, Union Island and the Tobago Cays marine park. Yacht, ferry and small-aircraft logistics need independent planning.

Open this chapter → WS

Samoa

Samoan village protocols and Sunday restrictions affect visiting times. Apolima boating is difficult and requires community approval. Pools, waterfalls and reefs must be individually checked for conditions and accessibility. A comprehensive Samoa master itinerary spanning Upolu, Savaiʻi, Manono, Apolima and permitted small-island excursions, traditional villages, lava fields, beaches, waterfalls and cultural experiences.

Open this chapter → SM

San Marino

Montale Third Tower is an exterior-only visit. Historic core streets and tower approaches include steep gradients and steps; check accessible alternatives. A detailed city-state itinerary pairing the UNESCO-listed Mount Titano historic core with its nine castelli, countryside paths, museums, architecture and local food. This is a small territory; the full catalogue is not an instruction to stay for several weeks.

Open this chapter → SA

Saudi Arabia

IMPORTANT — Saudi Arabia travel advice updated 8 October 2026: FCDO advises against all but essential travel to Riyadh province, Aseer province, Najran province, Jizan province and Taif city/airport; all travel within 10 km of the Yemen border is advised against, and 10–80 km is also restricted. Region-specific chapters in warned areas are editorial references, NOT presently bookable proposals. Other locations require live security, airspace, visa, permit and insurance checks. Holy-site access depends on religion and valid permissions. A nationwide editorial catalogue with separate heritage, desert, Red Sea and mountain chapters. Saudi border zones and facilities under travel advisories must never be quoted as normal leisure routes; several major provinces face fresh October 2026 restrictions.

Open this chapter → SN

Senegal

Border travel near Mali and Mauritania needs heightened caution. Casamance has a history of separatist violence and landmine risks; follow main roads and local security advice, avoid night road travel and only quote routes after operator verification. A regional Senegal catalogue linking Dakar, Gorée, the Petite Côte, Sine-Saloum, Saint-Louis, Djoudj, central town heritage and cautiously selected Casamance experiences. Current border warnings and separate protected-area rules are essential.

Open this chapter → RS

Serbia

Check local public-event restrictions and transport before booking. Western and mountainous locations have seasonal weather limitations. Kosovo is catalogued separately; do not imply cross-border travel arrangements are automatic. Extensive master routes through Belgrade, Vojvodina, Danube fortresses, western mountain parks, monasteries, spas and southern historic cities. Kosovo is listed as a separate country/territory record in Travelaux and is not duplicated here.

Open this chapter → SC

Seychelles

Aldabra is a highly protected World Heritage atoll and is NOT a standard selectable excursion. Remote islands, privately managed resorts, Cousin and Aride landings require specific permission. Turtle and bird nesting zones must remain undisturbed. An archipelago-wide itinerary of Mahé, Praslin, La Digue, nearby conservation islands and selected remote outer islands. Protected nesting sites, marine parks and privately managed islands are included only as conditional, permitted options.

Open this chapter → SL

Sierra Leone

Use vetted local transfers and guides; road travel, heavy rains, malaria precautions, beach currents and changing protected-area operations require confirmation. No wild-animal contact is offered. An extended exploration of Freetown Peninsula beaches, Atlantic island heritage, local markets, the interior rainforest and selected conservation experiences. Vehicle access, guides and operating schedules vary greatly; this is not a promise that every stop is possible on a single continuous journey.

Open this chapter → SG

Singapore

Urban sites often use timed tickets. Pulau Ubin and offshore islands have ferry, tide and closure constraints. Some museums and attractions are periodically renovated or rebranded; confirm current names and operations. A city-state master itinerary covering historic ethnic quarters, architecture, museums, gardens, family attractions, nature reserves, offshore islands and lesser-known food neighbourhoods. Easy urban transfers do not remove the need for attraction operating-hour and permit checks.

Open this chapter → SX

Sint Maarten (Dutch Part)

Only the Dutch Sint Maarten territory is included. Maho Beach jet blast is dangerous; never stand near blast-exposure zones. All boat and beach activities are weather-dependent. A Dutch-side island itinerary of Philipsburg, Simpson Bay, Maho, Cupecoy, the southern hills and conservation-minded sailing. French Saint Martin is a separate Travelaux country record and is not duplicated here.

Open this chapter → SK

Slovakia

Mountain routes, ladder gorges, caves, winter roads and cable cars depend on weather and opening dates. High Tatras national-park trail closures may be seasonal; confirm before quoting. A grand Slovak heritage-and-nature itinerary reaching Danube cities, mining towns, historic castles, highland spa towns, the Tatras and eastern wooden churches. Separate regional chapters allow practical routes rather than a single cross-country day tour.

Open this chapter → SI

Slovenia

Trail closures, caves, river sports and mountain roads require live checks. Protected areas and cultural sites may have reservation quotas; do not imply guaranteed guided access. A multi-region Slovenia journey from Ljubljana and the Julian Alps to the Soča Valley, Karst caves, Mediterranean coast, eastern vineyards and thermal towns. Visits to caves, alpine areas and wildlife habitats are contingent on guided access and the conservation rules of each site.

Open this chapter → SB

Solomon Islands

Use only vetted partners with customary land permissions; avoid isolated beaches and unassessed rural travel. Crocodiles, unexploded wartime ordnance, boat safety, earthquakes and cyclone conditions require active screening. Never handle war remnants. Island-by-island Solomon Islands planning routes for Guadalcanal, Western Province, Malaita, Isabel and other inhabited island groups. Specialist boats, customary land permissions, World War II unexploded ordnance, crocodiles and monsoon conditions require stringent screening.

Open this chapter → ZA

South Africa

High rates of violent crime require secure daytime transfers, vetted guides and careful accommodation and airport-route planning. Wildlife encounters, hikes and marine activities are never guaranteed; park booking, health and conservation rules must be checked. An extensive South African master journey covering all nine provinces through independent urban, heritage, wildlife, wine, mountain and coastal modules. Major attractions are grouped into geographically practical regions; use secure transfers, accredited guides and protected-area bookings.

Open this chapter → GS

South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands

SPECIALIST PERMISSION REQUIRED: Entry permits are required for almost all visitors since August 2025. Authorised vessel and landing-site conditions apply; no visitor accommodation ashore, and no guaranteed landings. South Sandwich Islands are offshore-only research references. A SPECIALIST EXPEDITION REFERENCE, NOT A NORMAL HOTEL-BASED HOLIDAY. South Georgia can be visited by appropriately authorized expedition vessel, but landing permits, operator approvals, weather and wildlife-protection rules govern every stop. The South Sandwich Islands are not presented as routine passenger-landing destinations.

Open this chapter → KR

South Korea (Republic of Korea)

DMZ tours, military-sensitive sites, ferry routes and protected islands are not guaranteed; they require specific operator checks. Jeju lava-tube sites may be closed for conservation. Respect privacy in Bukchon and cultural villages; trail reservations and severe-weather disruptions must be checked. An expansive South Korean master itinerary from Seoul and Gyeonggi to Gangwon mountains, historic Chungcheong, Jeolla culture, Gyeongsang heritage, Busan, Jeju and remote islands. Regional train and flight transfers should be built as separate practical journeys.

Open this chapter → ES

Spain

Activities in National Parks, Pyrenean mountains and protected islands require seasonal access/permits. Barcelona and Alhambra timed ticketing should be checked. Islands need separate transfers; not a single connected road itinerary. The longest practical regional discovery of Spain’s autonomous communities and island groups, from Atlantic Galicia and Basque Country to Andalusia, the Balearics and the Canaries. Choose individual coded activities; use separate regional modules for distant destinations.

Open this chapter → LK

Sri Lanka

Seasonal monsoons affect coastlines differently. National park safaris require authorised jeeps/permits, wildlife sightings are not guaranteed, whale watching must be ethical, and sea conditions must be assessed individually. A flexible island-wide route across ancient Buddhist capitals, tea hills, rainforests, wildlife reserves, Tamil heritage and the east, south and northwest coasts. Distinct monsoon seasons mean clients should select activities by date rather than assume all beaches and safaris are suitable at once.

Open this chapter → SR

Suriname

Remote river/air transfers and conservation park access require specialist licensed operators, permits, weather checks and informed community consent. This is not a fixed connected road itinerary. Cultural Paramaribo, Dutch colonial heritage, Maroon and Indigenous community visits arranged with consent, Atlantic nature reserves, and deeper rainforest lodges reached through specialised transfers. Remote interior access may be weather-dependent.

Open this chapter → SJ

Svalbard and Jan Mayen

Svalbard 2026 field-safety regulation and operator permits apply; some excursions require the Governor’s prior approvals. Polar bear risks, sea ice and weather are serious. Jan Mayen has restricted landings and construction disruptions through 2027/28 and is NOT offered as an activity destination. Svalbard specialist Arctic experiences are centred on Longyearbyen and licensed polar operators. Jan Mayen is not part of a normal bookable island-hopping trip: landings are restricted, advance-authorised and frequently impossible.

Open this chapter → SE

Sweden

Arctic activities and northern lights are weather/season-dependent. Respect Sámi cultural self-representation, permitted trails, cold-weather safety and reliable island ferry schedules. A regional journey from Stockholm’s archipelago and southern cities through medieval towns, inland lake country, Baltic islands and Arctic Swedish Lapland. The routes can be combined flexibly; northern winter excursions are strongly seasonal.

Open this chapter → CH

Switzerland

Mountain railways, glacier lifts, trails and boats must be checked for season, height, weather, access and return connections. Swiss transport products do not guarantee every lift or private attraction. An extended Alpine and city journey through Swiss cantons, lake districts, mountain railways and historic towns. Peaks, cable cars and trails are conditional on seasonal timetables, snow, weather and local access rules.

Open this chapter → ST

São Tomé and Príncipe

Island-to-island flights and boats must be confirmed. Protected rainforest entry and nesting beaches require licensed guides and conservation protocols. Remote roads and access to former roças are not guaranteed. A comprehensive two-island eco-cultural itinerary featuring São Tomé city, plantation heritage, northern and southern shores, Ôbo forests, Príncipe UNESCO Biosphere Reserve and protected turtle beaches. Internal travel and guided trail access require local coordination.

Open this chapter → TW

Taiwan

Taroko and eastern roads may close after earthquakes, rockfalls and typhoons; verify current National Park notices. Offshore islands need separate transfers, protected marine access and respectful Indigenous-led experiences. No festival, wildlife, rail, ferry or bioluminescence sighting is guaranteed. A complete regional discovery of Taipei and north-coast villages, the island’s west-side historic cities, the east coast, mountain railways, southern tropical landscapes and offshore archipelagos. Public transport and island flights or ferries should be checked individually.

Open this chapter → TJ

Tajikistan

IMPORTANT: Tajikistan-Afghanistan frontier, landmines and GBAO unrest are documented risks. No frontier visits, border crossings or Wakhan corridor excursions are offered as routine activities. Eastern Pamir chapters are specialist research options only. Check current advisories, GBAO permits, insurance and road conditions. Tajikistan across the capital, ancient Sughd, Fann mountain lakes, the Rasht highlands and permit-dependent Pamir country. Regional modules are separate mountain journeys rather than one effortless loop. Border security, altitude, landslides, road closure and GBAO permissions must be checked before sale.

Open this chapter → TZ

Tanzania

Avoid travel within 20 km of Tanzania’s Mozambique Cabo Delgado border under current UK advice. Safari and marine wildlife encounters depend on regulations and season; no animal encounter is guaranteed. Kilimanjaro requires a properly supported expedition, not a day trip. An expansive mainland-and-islands catalogue, separating Northern Safari Circuit, Southern Parks, Western chimpanzee habitats, Kilimanjaro routes, Swahili coast, Zanzibar and Pemba. Game drives, protected marine sites and summits require licensed operators, park fees and seasonal checks.

Open this chapter → TH

Thailand

IMPORTANT: Avoid non-essential travel near Thailand-Cambodia land border (20 km under current UK advice); closed border temples and crossings are not included. Deep south provinces and Myanmar frontier require separate risk screening and are not ordinary travel options. Monsoon, marine park closures and wildlife safeguards affect island excursions. Extensive regional exploration through Bangkok and the central plains, northern Lanna cities, Isan heritage, eastern islands, the Gulf and Andaman coasts. Some border regions are restricted; long-distance islands and northern highlands require separate transfers and seasonal plans.

Open this chapter → TL

Timor-Leste

Timor-Leste is not an easy multi-island package. Remote roads, medical limitations and seasonal boat services require individual confirmation. Jaco is sacred and has no normal overnight tourism; Atauro and Oecusse need separate access arrangements. Independent island, north-coast and highland chapters for Dili, Atauro, central coffee districts, eastern beaches and the Oecusse enclave. Visitor infrastructure is limited outside Dili; water access, private transfers, community consent and park permissions must be confirmed before any quotation.

Open this chapter → TG

Togo

WARNING: Do not offer the Burkina Faso frontier or Savanes Region as normal tourism. UK FCDO warns against travel within 30 km of the Burkina border except specified access, and against non-essential travel to other parts of Savanes. Kara and Koutammakou require a fresh route-level security review before accepting enquiries. Cultural and natural routes from Lomé and Lake Togo to the Plateaux, central market towns and the Koutammakou heritage landscape. The far northern Savanes and Burkina Faso frontier are excluded from normal customer routes under regional travel warnings.

Open this chapter → TO

Tonga

Tonga whale-watching and whale-swimming must use current licensed operators; whale season generally July–October. Remote Haapai and Niuas routes require confirmed inter-island transport, accommodation and evacuation arrangements. Island-group modules for Tongatapu, Haapai, Vavau and the Niuas. Sea transfers and seasonal wildlife trips require separate booking verification. Whale encounters use only licensed operators and never guarantee sightings or swimming.

Open this chapter → TT

Trinidad and Tobago

Trinidad and Tobago requires specific crime, night-transfer and beach-safety precautions. Turtle viewing, bird sanctuaries, reef activities and leatherback nesting are regulated; encounters and wildlife sightings cannot be guaranteed. Two-island activity library covering Port of Spain, north and east Trinidad, heritage and food towns, Caroni wetlands, plus Tobago reefs, rainforests and quieter coastal villages. Marine, turtle nesting and wildlife experiences have strict seasonal and conservation requirements.

Open this chapter → TN

Tunisia

Southern Tunisia contains sensitive military and frontier zones. No Algerian or Libyan border crossing or prohibited Sahara area is included. All deep-desert drives require locally authorised operator, off-road permissions, vehicle support and evacuation arrangements. A broad north-to-south journey through Tunis, Carthage, historic medinas, Mediterranean beaches, Roman sites, the Sahel, Djerba, oases and Sahara gateway towns. Southern desert journeys require authorised local operators and contemporary security checks.

Open this chapter → TM

Turkmenistan

TURKMENISTAN: visas, letter-of-invitation arrangements and restricted border-area permits may apply. Karakum and Köýtendag are remote. Darvaza crater access and operating status must be reconfirmed; never guarantee fire viewing. Capital architecture, Silk Road ruins, oasis cities, Köýtendag landscapes and Karakum desert experiences. Independent movement can be restricted; confirm visa, invitations, registered guides, special border permits and desert access before providing quotations.

Open this chapter → TC

Turks and Caicos Islands

An island-by-island catalogue including Providenciales, North and Middle Caicos, Grand Turk, Salt Cay, South Caicos and small cays. Boat crossings, protected reefs and seasonal wildlife experiences require licensed operators.

Open this chapter → TV

Tuvalu

Remote atolls: allow substantial vessel-schedule flexibility and confirm safe accommodation, medical evacuation planning, community consent, water supplies and conservation rules. Low-lying Pacific atolls with limited flights, irregular inter-island shipping and community-managed environments. Visits to outer islands are specialist arrangements, not guaranteed day trips.

Open this chapter → TR

Türkiye

CRITICAL: UK guidance advises against all travel within 10 km of Türkiye’s Syria border. No itinerary includes the border strip. Eastern and southeastern chapters need contemporary district-level risk/permit checks; Mount Ararat is a special military zone and is not offered as a routine excursion. Ballooning, caves, remote trekking and boat journeys remain operator- and weather-dependent. Comprehensive regional master journey covering European Istanbul and Thrace, western archaeological and Aegean coast, Cappadocia, the Mediterranean, central Anatolia, Black Sea, and selected eastern and southeastern heritage destinations. Travel restrictions exclude the Syria-border strip and other high-risk or military-designated areas; archaeological access and balloon flights are conditional.

Open this chapter → UG

Uganda

WESTERN DRC-border risk, terrorism, regional disease alerts and park operation restrictions must be checked before sale. Gorilla/chimp permits are date-specific and encounters cannot be guaranteed. Kampala, the Nile source, western crater lakes, Bwindi, savannah parks and northern falls. Wildlife and primate viewing need official permits, expert guides and current regional health and security assessment.

Open this chapter → AE

United Arab Emirates

Desert and mountain experiences require approved guides and weather planning. Wildlife/nesting zones, marine parks and sensitive frontier routes cannot be guaranteed. Check local public-behaviour and cultural-entry rules. All seven emirates, ranging from Dubai and Abu Dhabi to Sharjah, Ajman, Umm Al Quwain, Ras Al Khaimah and Fujairah. Desert activities, heritage sites and marine excursions remain permit and operator dependent.

Open this chapter → GB

United Kingdom

UK island ferries, conservation sites and mountain routes require reservation and weather checks. UK includes England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland; Crown Dependencies are catalogued separately. A comprehensive four-nation journey through England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland, with dedicated city, coast, heritage, mountain and island routes. Separate modules are essential: weather, island ferries and rural transport prevent a single practical continuous road trip.

Open this chapter → US

United States

50 states plus Washington, DC are included. Puerto Rico, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands and US Virgin Islands are separate territorial records elsewhere in the Travelaux country catalogue. National park reservations, tribal permits, wildfire/hurricane conditions and visitor insurance differ by region. International clients must check US visa eligibility and domestic transfer requirements. A state-by-state master catalogue spanning all 50 states plus Washington, DC, with additional in-depth routes for major coast, island, national park and cultural circuits. Each state is an independent regional module, not a continuous overland transfer. Federal parks, Indigenous lands and remote areas require local permissions and seasonal feasibility checks.

Open this chapter → UY

Uruguay

Cabo Polonio reserve has controlled transport; lagoon and coastal wildlife requires respectful distance. Thermal bathing and horseback excursions require health and safety screening. Art deco Montevideo, colonial Colonia, Atlantic beach towns, protected wetlands, wine country, thermal springs and the interior estancia regions. Coastal and inland circuits can be selected independently.

Open this chapter → UZ

Uzbekistan

Long-distance desert journeys need 4WD support and emergency preparation; Termez borders Afghanistan and requires border-area checks. Seasonal heat and winter mountain closures affect access. A long-form Silk Road country catalogue connecting Tashkent, Samarkand, Bukhara, Khiva, Shakhrisabz, Termez, the Fergana Valley, Nuratau and Karakalpakstan. Regional journeys are independent, and mountain expeditions and border permits require verification.

Open this chapter → VU

Vanuatu

VOLCANIC AND SEISMIC RISKS: follow Vanuatu Meteorology and Geohazards Department alerts. No volcano crater or lava viewing guaranteed. Island flights, boats and landowner permissions can change with little notice. Island-by-island catalogue across Efate, Espiritu Santo, Tanna, Malekula, Ambrym, Pentecost, Epi and the Banks/Torres islands. Local chiefs and communities control many sites; volcano alert levels, weather and transport may interrupt excursions.

Open this chapter → VN

Vietnam

Vietnam tropical-storm season runs approximately May–November, with serious weather and sea-transport disruptions possible. Cave excursions, national parks, protected reefs, mountain roads and border districts require seasonal and safety screening. Comprehensive flexible national itinerary across the Red River Delta, northwest mountains, Ha Giang, Ha Long Bay, central caves and imperial heritage, Hoi An, Central Highlands, Ho Chi Minh City, Mekong Delta and southern islands. Each regional chapter can be booked independently; weather, cave permissions, boat safety and long-distance transit are verified per enquiry.

Open this chapter → WF

Wallis and Futuna

Inter-island aircraft and boat services are sparse. Health facilities are limited, so specialist travellers need appropriate medical evacuation insurance; all custom land and lagoon islets require permission. A small South Pacific territory with separate islands and very limited inter-island connectivity. Community and customary-land permissions, infrequent flights, medical evacuation cover and independent island logistics are essential.

Open this chapter → ZM

Zambia

Remote parks require professional licensed safari operators, river wildlife precautions, malaria/health planning and medical evacuation readiness. Walking safaris must use official park guides. Zambezi waterfalls, lakes and wildlife national parks organized into separate safari and cultural regions. Multi-day walking safaris, rafting, river excursions and remote reserves must use qualified licensed providers and be screened for season, animal safety and medical access.

Open this chapter → ZW

Zimbabwe

Remote safari concessions and walking safaris require trained licensed guides, robust emergency arrangements and wildlife-safe behaviour; seasonal flood and drought levels affect Zambezi experiences. Heritage cities, Victoria Falls, Hwange, Matobo, Great Zimbabwe, the Eastern Highlands and specialist Mana Pools/Zambezi wildlife safaris. Activities are selectable by permanent code; game encounters and water levels are never guaranteed.

Open this chapter → AX

Åland Islands

An extended archipelago journey combining maritime museums, medieval castles, coastal cycling, hiking and outer-island ferries.

Open this chapter →